Surah Al Mujadila Tafseer

أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ

Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation?

meaning, are you afraid that the order to give charity before speaking privately to the Prophet remains in effect forever.

فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَإةَ وَاتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ

If then you do it not, and Allah has forgiven you, then perform Salah and give Zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger. And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.

Therefore, Allah abrogated the obligation of giving this charity.

It was said that none has implemented this command before except its abrogation, Ali bin Abi Talib.

Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn Abbas:

فَقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَةً

(spend something in charity before your private consultation).

"The Muslims kept asking Allah's Messenger questions until it became difficult on him. Allah wanted to lighten the burden from His Prophet, upon him be peace. So when He said this, many Muslims were afraid to pay this charity and stopped asking. Afterwards, Allah sent down this Ayah,

أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَأةَ وَاتُوا الزَّكَاة

Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation If then you do it not, and Allah has forgiven you, then perform Salah and give Zakah,

Thus Allah made things easy and lenient for them."

Ikrimah and Al-Hasan Al-Basri commented on Allah's statement:

فَقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَةً

(spend something in charity before your private consultation).

"This was abrogated by the next Ayah:

أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ

Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation...."

Sa`id bin Abi `Arubah reported from Qatadah and Muqatil bin Hayyan,

"People kept questioning Allah's Messenger until they made things difficult for him. Allah provided a way to stop their behavior by this Ayah. One of them would need to speak to Allah's Prophet about a real matter, but could not do so until he gave in charity. This became hard on people and Allah sent down relief from this requirement afterwards,

فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

But if you find not, then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful)."

Ma`mar reported from Qatadah that the Ayah,

إِذَا نَاجَيْتُمُ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَةً

(When you (want to) consult the Messenger in private, spend something in charity before your private consultation). was abrogated after being in effect for only one hour of a day.

Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Mujahid said that Ali said,

"No one except me implemented this Ayah, until it was abrogated,"

and he was reported to have said that it remained in effect for merely an hour