Surah An Nisa Tafseer
Tafseer of An-Nisa : 5
Saheeh International
And do not give the weak-minded your property, which Allah has made a means of sustenance for you, but provide for them with it and clothe them and speak to them words of appropriate kindness.
Ibn Kathir
Tafseer 'Ibn Kathir' (EN)
Holding the Property of the Unwise in Escrow
Allah
وَلَا تُوْتُواْ السُّفَهَاء أَمْوَالَكُمُ الَّتِي جَعَلَ اللّهُ لَكُمْ قِيَاماً
And give not unto the unwise your wealth which Allah has made a means of support for you,
Allah prohibited giving the unwise the freedom to do as they wish with wealth, which Allah has made as a means of support for people.
This ruling sometimes applies because of being young, as young people are incapable of making wise decisions.
It also applies in cases of insanity, erratic behavior and having a weak intellect or religious practice.
It applies in cases of bankruptcy, when the debtors ask that the property of a bankrupt person is put in escrow, when his debts cannot be paid off with his money.
Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn Abbas said that Allah's statement,
وَلَا تُوْتُواْ السُّفَهَاء أَمْوَالَكُمُ
(And give not unto the unwise your property)
refers to children and women.
Similar was also said by Ibn Mas`ud, Al-Hakam bin Uyaynah, Al-Hasan and Ad-Dahhak:
"Women and boys."
Sa`id bin Jubayr said that
`the unwise' refers to the orphans.
Mujahid, Ikrimah and Qatadah said;
"They are women."
Spending on the Unwise with Fairness
Allah said,
وَارْزُقُوهُمْ فِيهَا وَاكْسُوهُمْ وَقُولُواْ لَهُمْ قَوْلاً مَّعْرُوفًا
but feed and clothe them therewith, and speak to them words of kindness and justice.
Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn Abbas commented,
"Do not give your wealth, what Allah has made you responsible for and made a means of sustenance to you, to your wife or children. Rather, hold on to your money, take care of it, and be the one who spends on them for clothes, food and provision."
Mujahid said that the Ayah,
وَقُولُواْ لَهُمْ قَوْلاً مَّعْرُوفًا
(and speak to them words of kindness and justice),
refers to kindness and keeping good relations.
This honorable Ayah commands kind treatment, in deed, with family and those under one's care. One should spend on them for clothes and provisions, and be good to them, such as saying good words to them.
Giving Back the Property of the Orphans When They Reach Adulthood
Allah said
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