Surah An Nisa Tafseer
Tafseer of An-Nisa : 144
Saheeh International
O you who have believed, do not take the disbelievers as allies instead of the believers. Do you wish to give Allah against yourselves a clear case?
Ibn Kathir
Tafseer 'Ibn Kathir' (EN)
The Prohibition of Wilayah with the Disbelievers
Allah
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ امَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ الْكَافِرِينَ أَوْلِيَاء مِن دُونِ الْمُوْمِنِينَ
O you who believe! Do not take disbelievers as friends instead of believers.
Allah forbids His believing servants from taking the disbelievers as friends instead of the believers. This includes being friends and associates of the disbelievers, advising them, being intimate with them and exposing the secrets of the believers to them.
In another Ayah, Allah said,
لااَّ يَتَّخِذِ الْمُوْمِنُونَ الْكَـفِرِينَ أَوْلِيَأءَ مِن دُونِ الْمُوْمِنِينَ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَىْءٍ إِلَا أَن تَتَّقُواْ مِنْهُمْ تُقَـةً وَيُحَذِّرْكُمُ اللَّهُ نَفْسَهُ
Let not the believers take the disbelievers as friends instead of the believers, and whoever does that, will never be helped by Allah in any way, except if you indeed fear a danger from them. And Allah warns you against Himself. (3:28)
meaning, He warns you against His punishment if you fall into what He has prohibited.
This is why Allah said here,
أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَجْعَلُواْ لِلّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ سُلْطَانًا مُّبِينًا
Do you wish to offer Allah a manifest Sultan against yourselves!
meaning, proof against you that warrants receiving His torment.
Ibn Abi Hatim narrated that Ibn Abbas commented;
سُلْطَانًا مُّبِينًا
(manifest Sultan),
"The word Sultan in the Qur'an means proof."
There is an authentic chain of narration for this statement, which is also the saying of Mujahid, Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi, Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi and An-Nadr bin Arabi.
The Hypocrites and the Friends of Disbelievers are in the Lowest Depth of the Fire, Unless they Repent
Allah then states that
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