Surah Al Imran Tafseer

Allah then mentions a statement that testifies that the decision in this life and the Hereafter is for Him Alone without partners,

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الَامْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذَّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ

Not for you is the decision; whether He turns in mercy to (pardon) them or punishes them; verily, they are the wrongdoers.

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الَامْرِ شَيْءٌ

(Not for you is the decision),

meaning, "The matter is all in My Hand."

Allah also said,

فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَـغُ وَعَلَيْنَا الْحِسَابُ

your duty is only to convey (the Message) and on Us is the reckoning. (13:40)

and,

لَّيْسَ عَلَيْكَ هُدَاهُمْ وَلَـكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِى مَن يَشَأءُ

Not upon you is their guidance, but Allah guides whom He wills. (2:272)

and,

إِنَّكَ لَا تَهْدِى مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَلَـكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِى مَن يَشَأءُ

Verily, you guide not whom you like, but Allah guides whom He wills. (28:56)

Muhammad bin Ishaq said that Allah's statement,

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الَامْرِ شَيْءٌ

(Not for you is the decision),

means, "No part of the decision regarding My servants is yours, except what I command you."

Allah then mentions the rest of the consequences of Jihad,

...

أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ

whether He pardons them,

concerning the acts of disbelief that they commit, thus delivering them from misguidance to the guidance.

...

أَوْ يُعَذَّبَهُمْ

or punishes them;

in this life and the Hereafter because of their disbelief and errors.

...

فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ

verily, they are the wrongdoers.

and thus, they deserve such a fate.

Al-Bukhari recorded that, Salim bin Abdullah said that his father said that he heard the Messenger of Allah saying -- when he raised his head from bowing in the second unit of the Fajr prayer --

"O Allah! Curse so-and-so," after saying; Sami` Allahu Liman Hamidah, Rabbana wa lakal-Hamd. Thereafter, Allah revealed this Ayah,

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الَامْرِ شَيْءٌ

(Not for you is the decision).

This was also recorded by An-Nasa'i.

Imam Ahmad recorded that Salim bin Abdullah said that his father said that he heard the Messenger of Allah saying,

اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ فُلَنًا

اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنِ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ

اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو

اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ أُمَيَّة

O Allah! Curse so-and-so.

O Allah! Curse Al-Harith bin Hisham.

O Allah! Curse Suhayl bin Amr.

O Allah! Curse Safwan bin Umayyah.

Thereafter, this Ayah was revealed;

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الَامْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذَّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ

(Not for you is the decision; whether He turns in mercy to (pardon) them or punishes them; verily, they are the wrongdoers).

All these persons were pardoned (after they embraced Islam later on).

Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that;

when Allah's Messenger would supplicate against or for someone, he would do so when he was finished bowing and saying; Sami` Allahu Liman Hamidah, Rabbana wa lakal-Hamd.

He would then say, (the Qunut)

اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ وَسَلَمَةَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ وَعَيَّاشَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْمُوْمِنِينَ

اللَّهُمَّ اشْدُدْ وَطْأَتَكَ عَلى مُضَرَ وَاجْعَلْهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سِنِينَ كَسِنِي يُوسُف

O Allah! Save Al-Walid bin Al-Walid, Salamah bin Hisham, Ayyash bin Abi Rabiah and the weak and the helpless people among the faithful believers.

O Allah! Be hard on the tribe of Mudar and let them suffer from years of famine like that of the time of Yusuf.

He would say this supplication aloud.

He sometimes would supplicate during the Dawn prayer, "O Allah! Curse so-and-so (persons)," mentioning some Arab tribes. Thereafter, Allah revealed,

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الَامْرِ شَيْءٌ

(Not for you is the decision).

Al-Bukhari recorded that Hamid and Thabit said that,

Anas bin Malik said that the Prophet was injured during the battle of Uhud and said,

كَيْفَ يُفْلِحُ قَوْمٌ شَجُّوا نَبِيَّهُمْ

How can a people achieve success after having injured their Prophet?

Thereafter,

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الَامْرِ شَيْءٌ

(Not for you is the decision), was revealed.

Imam Ahmad recorded that Anas said that,

the Prophet's front tooth was broken during the battle of Uhud and he also sustained injuries on his forehead until blood dripped on his face. The Prophet said,

كَيْفَ يُفْلِحُ قَوْمٌ فَعَلُوا هذَا بِنَبِيِّهِمْ وَهُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلى رَبِّهِمْ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ

How can a people achieve success after having done this to their Prophet who is calling them to their Lord, the Exalted and Most Honored? Allah revealed,

لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الَامْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذَّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ

(Not for you is the decision; whether He turns in mercy to (pardons) them or punishes them; verily, they are the wrongdoers).

Muslim also collected this Hadith.

Allah then said,